The convent was founded by Ursuline nuns from Erfurt in 1700 to promote the proper upbringing and education of young girls.
One part of the monastery is the Liebfrauenkirche. It is nothing new that it has been redesigned in a new and different way. It has undergone many changes in its more than 500-year history. There was a small chapel of Our Lady in Duderstadt as early as 1442. When the Ursulines founded their convent at Neutor in 1700, the small Gothic chapel was extended by a nave with a sisters' choir. In 1889/1890, this church was replaced by a neo-Romanesque building designed by R. Herzig in the style of historicism. The altar was placed on a plateau raised by 14 steps and a side aisle was added. The sisters were given a spacious choir opposite the altar. In 1963/64, the interior of the church was given a completely new design in accordance with the guidelines of the Second Vatican Council and the trend at the time towards simplicity. The neo-Romanesque painting disappeared under a coat of white paint. The church appeared bright and clear and offered a clear view of the essentials - the altar and the cross from 1500 that had been brought back into the church.
After necessary renovations, the church was consecrated by Bishop Norbert Trelle on May 8, 2007. The new altar consists of a simple block, while the mensa (altar plate) rests on four pillars. It stands in the middle of the nave and is thus positioned in the middle of the horseshoe-shaped pews. A gleaming gold wheel chandelier above the altar emphasizes the importance of this place. It corresponds with the circle of blue artificial stone on the floor. All the important places in this church are marked with such a circle, including the ambo and the small credence table. The three tables are connected by a dark red stone band in the floor that starts from the apse. The tabernacle and a statue of the Virgin Mary stand in the side aisle. The semicircle of the outer wall in the apse has been supplemented by a circle of blue stone on the floor. Here stands the old cross with Mary and John from the former Chapel of Our Lady. The frieze of figures on the walls of the nave depicts people of our time. They are all facing forwards, towards the apse, and seem to be more or less on their way there.